kI dunIaF coN blfqkfr kdy Kqm nhIN hovygf. 

AuNj qF sdIaF qoN ieh iGnfAuxf awiqafcfr huMdf af irhf hY, pr awj-kwlH dy simaF ivc ÉbrF rfhIN qy mIzIaf rfhIN lokF kol aijhIaF ÉbrF CyqI phuMc jFdIaF hn ijnHF df pihlF pqf nhIN sI lwgdf huMdf.
afstrIaf ivc iek bMdf 24 sfl qwk afpxI hI DI ƒ qihÉfny ivc bMd krky Aus nfl blfqkfr krdf irhf. Aus dI ies Èrmnfk qy pfpI hrkq nfl awT bwcy pYdf hoey, ijnHF ivc iek ƒ Aus ny jfnoN mfr idwqf. muMbeI, pMjfb qy hornF sUibaF qoN vI aijhIaF ÉbrF af rhIaF hn. blfqkfr krn vfly lok mfnisk rogI hI nhIN sgoN pfglpn df iÈkfr huMdy hn. blfqkfr iek aijhf JwKV hY, ijhVf iÈkfr ho cuwkI aOrq jF bwcI dI soc ƒ qihs-nihs krky kdy nf Brn vfly ËÉm pYdf kr jFdf hY. iehI nhIN Aus dy irÈqydfr qy nËdIkI lokF ƒ vI burI qrHF JMjoV ky suwt jFdf hY. ipwCy rih jFdf hY duwK, guwsf, Gbrfht, pryÈfnI, zr, bybsI, iekwlqf, nfiensfPI qy aijhf aihsfs, ijs nfl pihlF vrgf jIvn muV afAux dI koeI afs nhIN rihMdI. blfqkfr df iÈkfr hoeIaF aOrqF/bwcIaF leI Auh pl jIvn ƒ tukiVaF ivc vMz ky qur jFdy ny. iek jIvn blfqkfr qoN pihlF vflf qy dUjf Aus qoN ipwCoN vflf. Aus aOrq/bwcI dy nËdIkI irÈqydfrF dI mno-avsQf vI ies qoN koeI vwKrI nhIN huMdI. sfrIaF gwlF iek pfsy rwK ky blfqkfr df iswtf aijhf inkldf hY ijs nfl ies dI mfr hyT afey lokF dI afpxy bfry soc hI bdl jFdI hY. ieh bdlI hoeI qy hfrI hoeI soc dUijaF nfl AuhnF dy rvweIey `qy vI mfrU asr kr jFdI hY. blfqkfr ipwCoN AuhnF dy rvweIey ivc bhuq vwzf Prk af jFdf hY ijhVf pihlF sDfrn huMdf sI. blfqkfr df iÈkfr hoeI aOrq/bwcI ikvyN afpxy jIvn `qy muV afpxI sDfrn pkV hfsl kr skdI hY, ieh iek aihm svfl hY. jy koeI afdmI Aus ƒ ipafr krdf hovy, pqI, Brf, ipE jF koeI irÈqydfr, qF ies ijwlHx dy icwkV ivcoN kwZx leI Auh kI kr skdf hY? ikvyN koeI afpxy ipafr dy irÈqy sFvyN rwK skdf hY Aus nfl, ijhVI blfqkfr dI mfr hyTF af geI hovy? iehnF svflF dy jvfb lwBx leI ieh smJxf ËrUrI hY ik blfqkfr hY kI!
blfqkfr iek kfmukqf Biraf iGnfAuxf awiqafcfr hY, ijhVf afdmI vwloN aOrq `qy Zfihaf jFdf hY. ies awiqafcfr ivc DmkIaF, zr, zFt-zpt qy ËbrdsqI huMdy hn, ijnHF nfl afdmI aOrq ƒ afpxI BYVI hvs df iÈkfr bxfAuNdf hY qy Auh vI aOrq dI mrËI dy iÉlfÌ. blfqkfr ipwCy qfkq, ÈoÈx, aiDkfr qy prblqf huMdy hn. blfqkfr koeI kfm-kRIVf nhIN ieh qF iek iGnfAuxf awiqafcfr hY ijhVf hvs BrI ikiraf rfhIN kIqf jFdf hY. blfqkfr df iÈkfr hoeI aOrq ies nfl rËfmMd nhIN huMdI qy nf hI ies ƒ psMd krdI hY. Aus ƒ Ëor-ËbrdsqI krky kfbU krn ipwCoN zrfieaf-Dmkfieaf jFdf hY ijhVf iksy hiQafr dI mdd nfl vI ho skdf hY. jfnoN mfr dyx dIaF DmkIaF vI idwqIaF jFdIaF hn. blfqkfr rfhIN isrÌ jfn gvf lYx df zr hI nhIN huMdf sgoN ieh jIvn ivc iek bVI vwzI duKdfeI qbdIlI lY afAux leI vI iËMmydfr huMdf hY. ieh pIVq dy jIvn `qy bVI zUMGI mfnisk swt mfr ky kdy nf Éqm hox vfly sdmy vI pYdf krdf hY.
hr sfl dunIaf ivc hËfrF dI igxqI ivc blfqkfr kIqy jFdy hn. ieh dunIaf ivc ho rhy ËulmF ivcoN sB qoN Gwt ÉbrF ivc afAux vflf kukrm hY. Aus dy kfrn ieh vI hn ik jo blfqkfr df iÈkfr ho cuwkI hovy, Aus df ieh zr ipwCf nhIN Cwzdf ik jy Aus ny swcfeI ibafn kIqI qF Aus ipwCoN smfj df rvweIaf Aus pRqI bdl jfvygf. lok Aus’`qy AuNglIaF cwkxgy qy PbqIaF ksxgy. cuwp rih ky blfqkfr df iÈkfr ho cuwkIaF aOrqF afpxIaF BfvnfvF df glf Guwt ky afpxy GridaF qy irÈqydfrF ƒ bcfAux dI koiÈÈ vI krdIaF hn. iÈkfr ho cuwkI aOrq bVf vwzf hOslf krky hI iksy ƒ ieh swcI gwl afK skdI hY. BfvyN srkfrF ny ies leI QfixaF ivc mdd leI kyNdr KolH rwKy hn pr koeI vI afm aOrq ijwQy Qfxy jfx qoN guryË krdI hY (kfrn sfƒ pqf hn) EQy blfqkfr qoN pIVq aOrq df zr hor vI vwzf huMdf hY. pr gwl eyQy hI Kqm nhIN ho jFdI bhuq sfry lok (mrd-aOrqF) mdd krn leI iqafr vI ho jFdy hn. ikAuNik ieh aprfD kfm nfl sbMDq hY ies leI pIVq dy nËdIkI irÈqydfr, pqI, BYx-Brf, mF-ipE leI ies kukrm ƒ svIkfrnf bhuq aOKf qy asih lwgdf hY. ikAuNik jo kuJ ho cuwkf hY, Aus dI AuWkf hI koeI AumId AuhnF ƒ mfnisk qOr `qy nhIN huMdI. bhuqy lok mdd krnf qF cfhuMdy hn pr AuhnF ƒ smJ nhIN afAuNdI ik Auh AuhnF hflfqF ivc kr kI skdy hn. Pyr vI ieh lok jo vI krnf krfAuxf cfhux Aus df pIVq dI mfniskqf `qy cMgf jF mfVf asr pYxf ËrUrI hY. keI afdmI jy ieh soc ky mdd krnf cfhux ik ieh qF iek aOrq dI afpxI smwisaf hY qF Auh TIk mdd krn ivc sÌl nhIN ho skdy. AuhnF ƒ ieh aihsfs nhIN huMdf ik pIVq aOrq ijnHF ƒ ipafr krdI hY AuhnF nfl Aus dy sbMDF `qy ies df kI qy ikho ijhf asr huMdf hY.
ijQoN qwk nËdIkI irÈqydfrF dy vrijq sbMDF df svfl hY, dunIaf dy dyÈF ivc vwKo-vwKry kƒn bxy hoey hn. Bfrq ivc irÈqydfrF ivc vrijq sbMDF dy ivruD koeI kfƒn nhIN. blfqkfr ivruwD Dfrf 376 anusfr isrÌ blfqkfr dy doÈI ƒ sËf idwqI jFdI hY nf ik vrijq irÈiqaF ƒ sfhmxy rwK ky kIqy gey blfqkfr ƒ. jy koeI doÈI bfrF sflF qoN Gwt Aumr vflI bwcI nfl blfqkfr krdf hY qF Aus ƒ Gwt qoN Gwt ds sfl dI sËf ho skdI hY qy vwD qoN vwD Aumr kYd. dUjy pfsy ieMglYNz ivc vrijq irÈiqaF ivc kIqy blfqkfr dI sËf cOdF sfl hY. amrIkf ivc hr iek sUby dy afpo afpxy kƒn hn. AuQy hvfeI sUby ivc ies dI sËf pMj sfl, jdoN ik mYsfcusYts ivc vIh sfl hY. jrmnI ivc nËdIkI irÈqydfrF dy vrijq irÈiqaF dy ivroDI kƒn anusfr iqMn sfl dI kYd hY. jpfn ivc BfvyN vrijq irÈiqaF ƒ cMgf nhIN smiJaf jFdf pr AuQy 1881 ivc ies df ivroDI kƒn Éqm kr idwqf igaf sI. PrFs ivc aijhf kƒn 1810 ivc Kqm kIqf igaf jdoN ik svIzn ivc ieko hI mF-ipE dy bwcy afps ivc ivafh krvf skdy hn. nYdrlYNz ivc vrijq irÈiqaF iKlfÌ kƒn nhIN, pr koeI bflg jy nfbflg nfl nËdIkI irÈqydfr huMidaF blfqkfr kry qF Auh gYr-kƒnI hY. spyn, qurkI qy brfËIl dyÈF ivc ieko mF-bfp dy bwcy afps ivc ivafh krvf skdy hn. qfilbfnIaF ny aÌgfinsqfn ivc blfqkfr ƒ kƒnI krfr dy idwqf hY. ieh iek qfËf Ébr hY. dunIaf dy kuJ dyÈF ny ivroD qF kIqf hY pr lwgdf nhIN ik ies df koeI asr hovygf.
blfqkfr bfry dunIaf dy dyÈF ivc bihsF huMdIaF rihMdIaF hn, pr AuhnF ivcoN inkldf kuJ nhIN. iehnF bihsF ny ies kukrm ƒ Gwt nhIN kIqf. jy koeI suJfa afey vI qF nFh-pwKI, ijvyN blfqkfrI ƒ inpuMsk kr idwqf jfvy, jfnoN mfr idwqf jfvy, BfvyN ielËfm shI nf vI sfbq hovy. ieho ijhy ielfj ibmfrI dy lwCx pCfnx ivc Èfied mdd kr skdy hox, pr ieh smwisaf df hwl nhIN khy jf skdy. PFsI dI sËf dunIaf ivc ho rhy kqlF ƒ Gwt/Éqm nhIN kr skdI. ies leI dunIaf ivc PFsI dI sËf ƒ Éqm krn leI soc BfrU hY. iesy qrF ies Ëulm dI sËf vI ies Ëulm ƒ GtfAux ivc mdd nhIN kr skdI. ijhVy lok blfqkfr dy kfrnF ƒ pCfnx dI koiÈÈ vI kr rhy hn, Auh vI afpxI Koj ivc koeI kfmXfbI hfsl nhIN kr sky. aOrqF leI vwD siqkfr qy iewËq bcfAux dy Auprfly koeI kfrgr sfbq nhIN ho sky. mnoivigafnk mfhr, DrmF dy Tykydfr jF aOrqF leI sMsQfvF, blfqkfr vrgI smwisaf ƒ ajy qwk nwQ nhIN pf skIaF. ijhVy dyÈ ivc iek iqhfeI aOrqF leI rfKvFkrn ibl dhfikaF qoN pfs nf ho sikaf hovy EQy aOrqF dy gMBIr msilaF `qy bihs dI AumId ikvyN rwKI jf skdI hY? ies smwisaf leI sxy aOrqF dy sB vwloN iek lckIlI soc apnfAuxf nhIN qF hor kI hY? ies smwisaf ƒ shI nqIjy qwk nf iljf skxf hI sB qoN vwzI kmËorI hY. ies nf-AumIdI df lokF dI soc ivc Gr kr jfxf koeI cMgy lwCx nhIN.
dUjy pfsy aslIaq ieh vI hY ik blfqkfr Éqm krn leI kfrn qy hwl lwBxy koeI sOKf kMm vI nhIN. blfqkfrI kukrmF ƒ Gwt krn leI lMmf smF lwgygf. Gwto Gwt afAux vfly pMjF-dsF sflF ivc qF nhIN lwgdf. ies smwisaf dy kfrn afriQk, smfijk qy mnoivigafnk vI hn. isafsqdfn ies smwisaf df hwl nhIN lwB skdy. ijhVf afp cor hovy Auh cor leI sËf ikAuN qjvIË krygf? ikMny bfby, Drm-gurU qury iPrdy ny ijnHF `qy blfqkfr dy ielËfm lwg cuwky hn. pr sËf ikMinaF ku ƒ imlI?
ies df iek hwl ijhVf nËr afAuNdf hY, Auh ieh ik ies dI iÈkfieq krn nfl hI mfniskqf ƒ lwgIaF swtF `qy mwlHm lwg skdI hY. jy afm aOrqF dI soc ies bfry bdl jfvy qF ies leI koeI isafsI lIzr jF Drm-gurU ies gwl df lfhf nhIN lY skygf. pr ijMnf icr blfqkfr iek Gtnf bx ky aÉbfrF ivc Cpdy rihxgy jF mIzIaf ivc bihs df muwdf bxy rihxgy, Enf icr ieh smwisaf iek aiq gMBIr smwisaf nhIN smJI jfeygI. Enf icr kuJ hovygf vI nhIN. loV hY lokF ƒ afpxI soc qy rvweIaf bdlx dI. ies leI ÈurUafq ies gwl qoN hoxI cfhIdI hY ik amIr grIbF ƒ ies awK nfl nf dyKx ik grIb isrP kMm krn leI qy ÈoÈx krn leI huMdf hY. ÈihrI GrF ivc BFzy mFjx vflIaF aOrqF `qy bhuqy lok kyho ijhI nËr rwKdy hn, dwsx dI loV nhIN. ipMzF ivc grIb aOrqF KyqF ivc iksy vyly vI hox vfly blfqkfrI hmly qoN zrdIaF rihMdIaF hn.
eyQy iek hor sUKm privrqI ƒ smJx dI vI loV hY. Auh ieh ik blfqkfr rfhIN hoeI ikiraf ƒ do ihwisaF ivc vMz ky dyKxf. ijwQoN qwk ies ikiraf ivc kudrqI qOr `qy sMBog df svfl hY, jy Aus ƒ nKyV ilaf jfvy aqy Ëulm qy aiqafcfr ƒ vwKrf krky dyiKaf jfvy qF blfqkfr iek hvs Biraf Ëulm ho jfvygf. ieh glq soc qy rvweIaf hI hY, ijhVf sMBog dI ikiraf ƒ blfqkfr ivc bdl idMdf hY. jdoN dohF dI rËfmMdI hovy qF Pyr Auh blfqkfr nhIN rihMdf. aOrq qy afdmI ivckfr KVHf glq rvweIaf hI ies awiqafcfr ƒ jnm idMdf hY. ijMnf icr bwcI bflg nhIN ho jFdI Enf icr Aus dI rËfmMdI df svfl hI pYdf nhIN huMdf. Aus ƒ afpxy Bly bury dI pCfx nhIN huMdI. dyKo ieh ivÈf dunIaf ivc ikMnf pycIdf qy guMJldfr bx igaf hY.
jfnvfr blfqkfr ikAuN nhIN krdy? ikAuNik AuhnF AuWqy bMdy vFg smfijk, nYiqk rokF nhIN lwgIaF huMdIaF. Auh qF kudrqI aMqr pRyrnf rfhIN afpxIaF nslF awgy qordy rihMdy hn. mnuwK leI blfqkfr ies leI glq hY ik ieh mnuwKqf dy mUl-hwkF dy iKlfÌ jFdf hY, ijhVy lokF ny smfj leI GV rwKy hn. iehnF mnuwKI asUlF dI avwigaf kukrm bx jFdf hY.
blfqkfr dI smwisaf df Drm nfl vI iswDf sbMD jf juVdf hY. DrmF ivc aOrq leI siqkfr dI Gft vflf mfhOl vI ies leI iËMmyvfr ikhf jf skdf hY. ieh kihxf vI eyQy muÈkl hY ik ieh Gft afeI ikwQoN. jy kudrqI idRÈtIkox qoN dyiKaf jfvy qF ies df iek kfrn ieh smJ ivc afAuNdf hY ik afm qOr `qy afdmI aOrq nfloN ijsmfnI qOr `qy bhuqf qfkqvr hY. pr swiBafcfrk pwKoN ieh bihs PËUl hY ik aOrqF leI siqkfr dI Gft dy sfry kfrn Drm ivcoN hI afAuNdy hn. isafsqdfnF qy Dfrmk afgU BfvyN aOrqF leI siqkfr dIaF ijMnI mrËI gwlF krI jfx AuhnF dy kMm jF hrkqF ies hwk ivc nhIN huMdy. eIsfeI Drm ivc aOrqF pfdrI nhIN bx skdIaF, muslmfn aOrqF ƒ msijd ivc nhIN jfx idwqf jFdf qy AuhnF ƒ burky ivc rihxf pYNdf hY, ikAuNik ieh Dfrimk loV hY, ihMdU/iswK ipqf bytI dy ivafh ivc dfj dyx leI mjbUr hY. ieh sfry lwCx sfÌ hn. hvsF Biraf joÈ afdmI ƒ swc dyKx nhIN idMdf. dUjy pfsy JUTy ivÈvfs afdmI ƒ hvsF Bry joÈ vwl Dwkdy rihMdy ny. afpxI hvs pUrI krn leI Auh bhfny lwBdf rihMdf hY. hor vI qrksMgq imsflF eyQy idwqIaF jf skdIaF hn. aOrqF ƒ afdmIaF dy brfbr df drjf hfsl hY-ieh gwl Enf icr nhIN mMnI jf skdI ijMnf icr isafsq qy DrmF ivc aOrq ƒ brfbr df drjf nhIN iml jFdf. jdoN qwk Drm ivc ieh afm rucI vflI klpnf dUr nhIN huMdI, aOrqF hvs Bry rvweIey df iÈkfr huMdIaF rihxgIaF. ieh gwl afm dyKx ivc afAuNdI hY ik Dfrmk idRÈtIkox aËfd iKaflF vfly qrkF qoN vwD svIkfry jFdy hn.
amrIkf ivwc do mrdF ny pMdrF idnF leI afpxIaF pqnIaF bdl leIaF. AuhnF dy pirvfr ivc bwcy vI ny. aOrqF leI isrÌ blfqkfr hI iek smwisaf nhIN. ÈrHyafm CyVKfnI aqy GrylU JgiVaF ivc aOrqF hI sB qoN vwD nuksfn JwldIaF hn. BrUx hwiqafvF df koVH smfj ivc mUMh awzI KVHf hY. dPqrF, kfrKfinaF, skUlF, kfljF ijwQy vI aOrqF kMm krdIaF hn EQy ieh mrd dy ÈoÈx df iÈkfr huMdIaF rihMdIaF hn. afKrI gwl iewQy af ky muwkdI hY ik aOrqF `qy ho rhy ËulmF leI mrd aqy mrd dI soc hI iËMmyvfr hY. aOrqF dy hwkF dIaF gwlF ÌËUl sfbq ho cuwkIaF hn.
ijMnf icr smfj `coN aigafnqf dUr nhIN huMdI Enf icr lVfeIaF, jMgF, guwsf, zr, mfr-DfV jfrI rhygI. ijAuN-ijAuN mnuwK aMdroN bdlygf ieh Gtdy jfxgy. mfniskqf bdlygI, ipafr vDygf, ÈoÈx Ëulm Gtygf. ieh smwisaf do chuM sflF ivc qF Éqm hoxo rhI. jy dunIaf dy lok pVH-ilK ky jfgrUk ho ky vI iehnF alfmqF qoN KihVf nhIN Cuzf skdy qF BivwK kyho ijhf hovygf aMdfËf lfAuxf muÈkl hY. smJdfr lok Pyr vI koiÈÈ krdy rihxgy ik ieh koVH dUr ho jfvy. iehnF alfmqF ƒ jVHoN puwtx dI sÉq loV hY.